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THEORETICAL (GEOMETRICAL) SURFACE ROUGHNESS
Theoretical (Geometrical) Surface RoughnessGRADES
Theoretical Surface Roughness for Turning indicates the minimum roughness value from the cutting conditions and it is shown by the formula as follows:
A
INSERTS Rz(h)= f2 x103 Rz(h) : Theoretical Surface Roughness [m]
8R(r) f : Feed Rate [mm/rev]
B R (r) : Corner Radius of Insert [mm]
C CBN & PCD
How to Obtain Surface Roughness Values Relationship with Triangle Symbol
E Type SymbolTURNING How to Obtain Explanation Arithmetical Mean Max. Height Ten Points Mean (Relationship
Roughness Roughness Roughness with Triangle)
Ra(m) RzJIS(m)
Ry is a mean value in micron meter obtained Rz(m)
Arithmetical Mean Roughness Ten Points Mean Roughness Max. Height Roughness from the distance of the highest peaks 0.025 0.1 0.1
and the lowest valleys within the range of
F sampled reference length ( l ) in the direction 0.050 0.2 0.2
of the center line of the roughness curve.BORING 0.100 0.4 0.4
Rz Note) When calculating Rz, extraordinarily
high or low threads are considered as 0.200 0.8 0.8
damages and excluded from the calculation,
and only standard lengths are used. 0.400 1.6 1.6
G Rz=Rp+RvGROOVING 0.800 3.2 3.2
1.600 6.3 6.3
Yp1,Yp2,Yp3,Yp4,Yp5 : 3.200 12.5 12.5
Distance from the mean line to highest 5
Rz is a mean value in micron meter obtained peaks in the range of sampled reference 6.300 25.0 25.0
from the distance of 5 highest peaks (Yp) length “l ”
and the 5 lowest valleys (Yv) measured from Yv1,Yv2,Yv3,Yv4,Yv5 : 12.500 50.0 50.0
the center line of the roughness curve within Distance from the mean line to the lowest
H RzJISCUT-OFF the range of sampled reference length “l ”. 5 valleys in the range of sampled reference 25.000 100.0 100.0
length “l ”
Finishing symbol (Triangle and wave ~) was removed from
JIS standard in the 1994 Revision.
• How to Indicate
When Ra is 1.6m1.6mRa
When Rz is 6.3m6.3mRz
J When RzJIS is 6.3m6.3mRzJISSOLID END MILLS THREADING
Ra is obtained from the following formula
in micron meter, the roughness curve is
expressed by y=f(x), the X-axis is in the
L direction of the center line and the Y-axis is
Ra the vertcal magnification of the roughness
curve in the range of sampled reference
length “l ”.
M MILLING
Indication in JIS StandardSPARE PARTS Example of Ry, (Rz) Indication
When indicating upper limit only Indicate
Example of Ra Indication
surface roughness following the parameter symbol.
P
When indicating the upper limit only
(when upper limit is 6.3 mRa)
R When indicating both lower and upper limitTECHNICAL When indicating both lower and upper limit Indicate
(when upper limit is 6.3 mRa, lower limit is 1.6 mRa) surface roughness as (upper limit ~ lower limit)
following the parameter symbol.
Note: The indications of Ra and Rz are different.INDEX
T Caution-Symbols for Surface Roughness
The above information is based on JIS B 0601-2001. Type Symbol of JIS B 0601-1994 Symbol of JIS B 0601-2001
However, some symbols were revised as shown in the right table
in accordance with ISO Standard from JIS B 0601-2001 version. Max. Height Roughness Ry Rz
Ten Points Mean Roughness (Rz) was eliminated from 2001 Ten Points Mean Roughness Rz (RzJIS)
version but it still remains as RzJIS reference, since it was Arithmetical Mean Roughness Ra Ra
popular in Japan.
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